Использование Desktop Duplication API

#cpp #cpp_cli #directx #direct3d

#include "stdafx.h"

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "iostream"

#include "D3D9.h"
#include 
#include 

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

#pragma comment(lib, "D3D11.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D3d9.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "dxgi.lib")

#pragma comment(lib, "gdi32.lib")

using namespace System;

#define EXIT(hr) { if (FAILED(hr)) \
                { Console::WriteLine("Error!"); \
                Console::ReadKey(); return -1; } }

HBITMAP ExtractBitmap(ID3D11Texture2D* d3dtex, ID3D11Device* pDevice) 
{
    HRESULT hr;

    HBITMAP hBitmapTexture = NULL;
    HGDIOBJ hBitmap;

    D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC desc;
    ID3D11Texture2D* pNewTexture = NULL;

    D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC description;

    d3dtex->GetDesc(&desc);
    d3dtex->GetDesc(&description);

    description.BindFlags = 0;
    description.CPUAccessFlags = D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_READ | D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_WRITE;
    description.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_STAGING;

    if (FAILED(pDevice->CreateTexture2D(&description, NULL, &pNewTexture)))
    {
        Console::WriteLine("CreateTexture2D failed!");
        return NULL;
    }

    ID3D11DeviceContext* ctx = NULL;
    pDevice->GetImmediateContext(&ctx);

    ctx->CopyResource(pNewTexture, d3dtex);

    D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE resource;
    UINT subresource = D3D11CalcSubresource(0, 0, 0);
    ctx->Map(pNewTexture, subresource, D3D11_MAP_READ_WRITE, 0, &resource);

    // Copy from texture to bitmap buffer.
    uint8_t* sptr = reinterpret_cast(resource.pData);
    uint8_t* dptr = new uint8_t[desc.Width*desc.Height * 4];

    for (size_t h = 0; h < desc.Height; ++h)
    {
        size_t msize = std::min(desc.Width * 4, resource.RowPitch);
        memcpy_s(dptr, desc.Width * 4, sptr, msize);
        sptr += resource.RowPitch;
        dptr += desc.Width * 4;
    }

    dptr -= desc.Width*desc.Height * 4;

    // Swap BGR to RGB bitmap.
    uint32_t *dPtr = reinterpret_cast(dptr);
    for (size_t count = 0; count < desc.Width*desc.Height * 4; count += 4)
    {
        uint32_t t = *dPtr;
        uint32_t t1 = (t & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
        uint32_t t2 = (t & 0x000000ff) << 16;
        uint32_t t3 = (t & 0x0000ff00);
        uint32_t ta = (t & 0xFF000000);
        *(dPtr++) = t1 | t2 | t3 | ta;
    }

    hBitmapTexture = CreateCompatibleBitmap(GetDC(NULL), desc.Width, desc.Height);
    SetBitmapBits(hBitmapTexture, desc.Width*desc.Height * 4, dptr);

    return (HBITMAP)CopyImage(hBitmapTexture, IMAGE_BITMAP, desc.Width, desc.Height,
LR_CREATEDIBSECTION);
}


int main(array ^args)
{
    HRESULT hr;

    // Supported feature levels.
    D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL featureLevels[] =
    {
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_1,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_0,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_1
    };

    D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL d3dFeatLvl;
    ID3D11Device* pDevice = nullptr;
    ID3D11DeviceContext* pImmediateContext = nullptr;

    // Get device object.
    hr = D3D11CreateDevice(NULL, D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,
        NULL, 0, featureLevels,
        ARRAYSIZE(featureLevels),
        D3D11_SDK_VERSION,
        &pDevice,
        &d3dFeatLvl,
        &pImmediateContext);
    EXIT(hr);

    // Get DXGI device.
    IDXGIDevice* DxgiDevice = nullptr;
    hr = pDevice->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDXGIDevice), reinterpret_cast(&DxgiDevice));
    EXIT(hr);

    // Get DXGI adapter.
    IDXGIAdapter* DxgiAdapter = nullptr;
    hr = DxgiDevice->GetParent(__uuidof(IDXGIAdapter), reinterpret_cast(&DxgiAdapter));
    DxgiDevice->Release();
    DxgiDevice = nullptr;
    EXIT(hr);

    // Get DXGI output.
    IDXGIOutput* DxgiOutput = nullptr;
    hr = DxgiAdapter->EnumOutputs(0, &DxgiOutput);
    DxgiAdapter->Release();
    DxgiAdapter = nullptr;
    EXIT(hr);

    DXGI_OUTPUT_DESC OutputDesc;
    DxgiOutput->GetDesc(&OutputDesc);

    // Query interface for Output1.
    IDXGIOutput1* DxgiOutput1 = nullptr;
    hr = DxgiOutput->QueryInterface(__uuidof(DxgiOutput1), reinterpret_cast(&DxgiOutput1));
    DxgiOutput->Release();
    DxgiOutput = nullptr;
    EXIT(hr);

    // Create desktop duplication.
    IDXGIOutputDuplication* DeskDupl = nullptr;
    hr = DxgiOutput1->DuplicateOutput(pDevice, &DeskDupl);
    DxgiOutput1->Release();
    DxgiOutput1 = nullptr;
    EXIT(hr);

    DXGI_OUTDUPL_DESC OutputDuplDesc;
    DeskDupl->GetDesc(&OutputDuplDesc);

    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    ID3D11Texture2D* AcquiredDesktopImage = nullptr;

    IDXGIResource* DesktopResource = nullptr;
    DXGI_OUTDUPL_FRAME_INFO FrameInfo;

    // Get new frame.
    hr = DeskDupl->AcquireNextFrame(500, &FrameInfo, &DesktopResource);
    EXIT(hr);

    // If still holding old frame, destroy it.
    if (AcquiredDesktopImage)
    {
        AcquiredDesktopImage->Release();
        AcquiredDesktopImage = nullptr;
    }

    // Query interface for IDXGIResource.
    hr = DesktopResource->QueryInterface(__uuidof(ID3D11Texture2D), reinterpret_cast(&AcquiredDesktopImage));
    DesktopResource->Release();
    DesktopResource = nullptr;
    EXIT(hr);

    HBITMAP hBmp = (HBITMAP)ExtractBitmap(AcquiredDesktopImage, pDevice);

    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    System::Drawing::Bitmap::FromHbitmap(IntPtr(hBmp))->Save("Screenshot.bmp");

    Console::WriteLine("END!");
    Console::ReadKey();
    return 0;
}


Привожу пример своего исходника по работе с Desktop Duplication API (на C++/CLI).
К сожалению, не могу добиться от него результата - картинка получается пустая.
Каким образом можно поправить этот код, чтобы он работал; +добавить цикл, чтобы можно
было получать скрины не вызывая функцию целиком.
    

Ответы

Ответ 1

Собственно, вот.

#include "D3D9.h"
#include 
#include 

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

#pragma comment(lib, "D3D11.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "D3d9.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "dxgi.lib")

#pragma comment(lib, "gdi32.lib")
using namespace System;

#define EXIT(hr) { if (FAILED(hr)) \
                { Console::WriteLine("Error!"); \
                Console::ReadKey(); return -1; } }

HBITMAP ExtractBitmap(ID3D11Texture2D* d3dtex, ID3D11Device* pDevice)
{
    HRESULT hr;

    HBITMAP hBitmapTexture = NULL;
    HGDIOBJ hBitmap;

    D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC desc;
    ID3D11Texture2D* pNewTexture = NULL;

    D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC description;

    d3dtex->GetDesc(&desc);
    d3dtex->GetDesc(&description);

    description.BindFlags = 0;
    description.CPUAccessFlags = D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_READ | D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_WRITE;
    description.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_STAGING;
    description.MiscFlags = 0;

    if (FAILED(pDevice->CreateTexture2D(&description, NULL, &pNewTexture)))
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    ID3D11DeviceContext* ctx = NULL;
    pDevice->GetImmediateContext(&ctx);

    ctx->CopyResource(pNewTexture, d3dtex);

    D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE resource;
    UINT subresource = D3D11CalcSubresource(0, 0, 0);
    ctx->Map(pNewTexture, subresource, D3D11_MAP_READ_WRITE, 0, &resource);

    // Copy from texture to bitmap buffer.
    uint8_t* sptr = reinterpret_cast(resource.pData);
    uint8_t* dptr = new uint8_t[desc.Width*desc.Height * 4];

    for (size_t h = 0; h < desc.Height; ++h)
    {
        size_t msize = std::min(desc.Width * 4, resource.RowPitch);
        memcpy_s(dptr, desc.Width * 4, sptr, msize);
        sptr += resource.RowPitch;
        dptr += desc.Width * 4;
    }

    dptr -= desc.Width*desc.Height * 4;

    // SWAP BGR to RGB bitmap
    uint32_t *dPtr = reinterpret_cast(dptr);
    for (size_t count = 0; count < desc.Width*desc.Height * 4; count += 4)
    {
        uint32_t t = *(dPtr);
        uint32_t t1 = (t & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
        uint32_t t2 = (t & 0x000000ff) << 16;
        uint32_t t3 = (t & 0x0000ff00);
        uint32_t ta = (t & 0xFF000000);

        *(dPtr++) = t1 | t2 | t3 | ta;
    }

    hBitmapTexture = CreateCompatibleBitmap(GetDC(NULL), desc.Width, desc.Height);
    SetBitmapBits(hBitmapTexture, desc.Width*desc.Height * 4, dptr);

    return (HBITMAP)CopyImage(hBitmapTexture, IMAGE_BITMAP, desc.Width, desc.Height,
LR_CREATEDIBSECTION);
}


int main(array ^args)
{
    HRESULT hr;

    // Supported feature levels.
    D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL featureLevels[] =
    {
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_1,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_0,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_1
    };

    D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL d3dFeatLvl;
    ID3D11Device* pDevice = nullptr;
    ID3D11DeviceContext* pImmediateContext = nullptr;

    // Get device object.
    hr = D3D11CreateDevice(NULL, D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,
        NULL, 0, featureLevels,
        ARRAYSIZE(featureLevels),
        D3D11_SDK_VERSION,
        &pDevice,
        &d3dFeatLvl,
        &pImmediateContext);
    EXIT(hr);

    // Get DXGI device.
    IDXGIDevice* DxgiDevice = nullptr;
    hr = pDevice->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDXGIDevice), reinterpret_cast(&DxgiDevice));


    // Get DXGI adapter.
    IDXGIAdapter* DxgiAdapter = nullptr;
    hr = DxgiDevice->GetParent(__uuidof(IDXGIAdapter), reinterpret_cast(&DxgiAdapter));
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        Console::WriteLine("ERROR: failed to DxgiDevice->GetParent");
        Console::Read();
        return -1;
    }
    DxgiDevice->Release();
    DxgiDevice = nullptr;

    // Get DXGI output.
    IDXGIOutput* DxgiOutput = nullptr;
    hr = DxgiAdapter->EnumOutputs(0, &DxgiOutput);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        Console::WriteLine("ERROR: failed to DxgiAdapter->EnumOutputs");
        Console::Read();
        return -1;
    }
    DxgiAdapter->Release();
    DxgiAdapter = nullptr;

    DXGI_OUTPUT_DESC OutputDesc;
    DxgiOutput->GetDesc(&OutputDesc);

    // Query interface for Output1.
    IDXGIOutput1* DxgiOutput1 = nullptr;
    hr = DxgiOutput->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDXGIOutput1), reinterpret_cast(&DxgiOutput1));
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        Console::WriteLine("ERROR: failed to DxgiOutput->QueryInterface");
        Console::Read();
        return -1;
    }

    DxgiOutput->Release();
    DxgiOutput = nullptr;

    // Create desktop duplication.
    IDXGIOutputDuplication* DeskDupl = nullptr;
    hr = DxgiOutput1->DuplicateOutput(pDevice, &DeskDupl);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        Console::WriteLine("ERROR: failed to DxgiOutput1->DuplicateOutput");
        Console::Read();
        return -1;
    }
    DxgiOutput1->Release();
    DxgiOutput1 = nullptr;

    DXGI_OUTDUPL_DESC OutputDuplDesc;
    DeskDupl->GetDesc(&OutputDuplDesc);

    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    ID3D11Texture2D* AcquiredDesktopImage = nullptr;

    IDXGIResource* DesktopResource = nullptr;
    DXGI_OUTDUPL_FRAME_INFO FrameInfo;

    // Get new frame.
    hr = DeskDupl->AcquireNextFrame(500, &FrameInfo, &DesktopResource);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        Console::WriteLine("ERROR: failed to DeskDupl->AcquireNextFrame");
        Console::Read();
        return -1;
    }

    // If still holding old frame, destroy it.
    //if (AcquiredDesktopImage)
    //{
        //AcquiredDesktopImage->Release();
        //AcquiredDesktopImage = nullptr;
    //}

    // Query interface for IDXGIResource.
    hr = DesktopResource->QueryInterface(__uuidof(ID3D11Texture2D), reinterpret_cast(&AcquiredDesktopImage));

    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        Console::WriteLine("ERROR: failed to DesktopResource->QueryInterface");
        Console::Read();
        return -1;
    }
    DesktopResource->Release();
    DesktopResource = nullptr;

    HBITMAP hBmp = (HBITMAP)ExtractBitmap(AcquiredDesktopImage, pDevice);

    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    System::Drawing::Bitmap::FromHbitmap(IntPtr(hBmp))->Save("Screenshot.bmp");

    Console::WriteLine("END!");
    Console::ReadKey();
    return 0;
}


На вопрос где же была ошибка, могу сказать одно.

Копируя чужой код в свой проект, проверяйте его, а так же читайте комментарии :)


Ответ 2

Подробный ответ дан здесь

Суть в двух моментах:


Однократного вызова AcquireNextFrame недостаточно для получения изображения экрана,
так как "Frame" - это необязательно изображение экрана, а совокупность некоторой информации
о изменении состояния рабочего стола (среди которой, иногда, может быть и изображение
экрана). Для получения изображения нужно циклически вызывать AcquireNextFrame и сохранять
все полученные результаты.
Для корректного зацикливания нужно освободить Frame:

IDXGIOutputDuplication* DeskDupl;
//инициализация...

DeskDupl->AcquireNextFrame(5000, &FrameInfo, &DesktopResource);

//работа с Frame...

hr = DeskDupl->ReleaseFrame();//освобождаем Frame

if (FAILED(hr))
{
   //произошла ошибка
}
else
{
   //можно получить следующий Frame
}